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61. Jesseman, Christine : The protection and participation rights of the child soldier, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The protection and participation rights of the child soldier : an African and global perspective / Jesseman, Christine

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): African human rights law journal : vol. 1; no. 1., p. 140-154. - Lansdowne, South Africa : Juta Law; University of Pretoria. Centre for Human Rights, 2001. - ISSN 1609-073X

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* rätt att deltaga = right to participate = oikeus osallistua

NOTE (GENERAL): Declaration on the rights of the child; CRC; African charter on the rights and welfare of the child; Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; CRC-OP;

 
62. Third report on the situation of human rights in Paraguay, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Third report on the situation of human rights in Paraguay / - (OEA/Ser.L/V/ ; II.110; doc. 52), vi, 141 p.. - Washington, D.C. : Organization of American States. General Secretariat, 2001.

ISBN 0-8270-4347-3

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* inkorporering = incorporation = yhdistäminen
* grundlag/författning = constitution = perustuslaki/valtiosääntö
* ratificering = ratification = ratifiointi
* straffrihet = impunity = rankaisemattomuus
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* fängelseförhållanden = prison conditions = vankilaolosuhteet
* fackföreningar = trade unions = ammattiyhdistykset
* socialskydd = social security = sosiaaliturva
* jordbrukare = farmers = maanviljelijät
* yttrandefrihet = freedom of expression = ilmaisuvapaus
* rättsstatsprincip = rule of law = oikeusvaltioperiaate
* barn = children = lapset
* hälsovård = health care = terveydenhoito
* gatubarn = street children = katulapset
* barnarbete = child labour = lapsityö
* sexuellt utnyttjande = sexual abuse = seksuaalinen hyväksikäyttö
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* kvinnliga fångar = women prisoners = naisvangit
* urfolk = indigenous peoples = alkuperäiskansat
* interamerikanska kommissionen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Inter-American Commission on Human Rights = Inter-Amerikkalainen ihmisoikeustoimikunta
* tortyr = torture = kidutus

NOTE (GENERAL): AMR;

LIBRARY LOCATION: IMR

SHELF CODE: s OAS

 
63. Human rights watch world report 2002, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Human rights watch world report 2002 : events of 2001 /, xxviii, 670 p.. - New York : Human Rights Watch, 2002.

ISBN 1-56432-267-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* akademisk frihet = academic freedom = akateeminen vapaus
* internationell handel = international trade = kansainvälinen kauppa
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS
* landminor = landmines = maamiinat
* homosexuella = homosexuals = homoseksuaalit
* fångar = prisoners = vangit
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* gästarbetare = migrant workers = vierastyöläiset
* internflyktingar = internally displaced persons = maan sisäiset pakolaiset
* transsexuella = transsexuals = transseksuaalit
* barn = children = lapset
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* vapen = weapons = aseet
* EU = EU = EU
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Universal

LIBRARY LOCATION: IMR

SHELF CODE: s HRW

 
64. I. Humanitarian protection in non-international armed conflicts, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

I. Humanitarian protection in non-international armed conflicts : (a project of the San Remo International Institute of Humanitarian Law) /

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Israel yearbook on human rights : vol. 30 : 2000 / Dinstein, Y. (ed.), p. 1-226. - Hague : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 2001. - ISSN 0333-5925

ISBN 90-411-1741-5

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. 1. Humanitarian Protection in Non-International Armed Conflicts: The New Research Project of the International Institute of Humanitarian Law, by Dieter Fleck. 2. International Humanitarian Law and the Disintegration of States, by Dino Kritsiotis. 3. Remedies to Promote the Respect of Fundamental Human Values in Non-International Armed Conflict, by Michel Veuthey. 4. Responses to Humanitarian Law Violations in Non-International Armed Conflicts: Historical Perspectives and Considerations on Conflicts of Jurisdiction, by George K. Walker. 5. War Crimes Committed in Non-International Armed Conflict and the Emerging System of International Criminal Justice, by Claus Kress. 6. Humanitarian Protection in Non-International Conflicts: A Case Study of Colombia, by Daniel Garcia-Pena Jaramillo. 7. The Application of International Humanitarian Law in Sri Lanka: A Compliance Based Case Study on the Rules of War, by Michael H. Hoffman.

INDEX WORDS:
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* internationell straffrätt = international criminal justice = kansainvälinen rikosoikeus
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* krigets lagar = laws of war = sodan oikeussäännöt
* peremptory norms = jus cogens = jus cogens
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* högkommissarie för mänskliga rättigheter = High Commissioner for Human Rights = ihmisoikeusvaltuutettu
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* UNICEF = UNICEF = UNICEF
* etik = ethics = etiikka
* biståndsarbetare = humanitarian workers = humanitaarisen työn tekijät
* intervention = intervention = interventio
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* peremptory norms = jus cogens = jus cogens
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* immunitet = immunity = koskemattomuus
* självförsvar = self-defence = itsepuolustus
* humanitär hjälp = humanitarian aid = humanitaarinen apu

NOTE (GENERAL): Geneva conventions; Additional protection of Geneva conventions; UN charter; Vienna convention on the law of treaties;

URL http://www.wkap.nl/prod/b/90-411-1741-5?a=1

 
65. Bojkov, Victor ... [et al.] : European master's degree in human rights and democratisation, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

European master's degree in human rights and democratisation : awarded theses of the Academic year 2000/2001 / Bojkov, Victor ... [et al.], 522 p.. - Venice : Marsilio, 2001.

ISBN 88-317-7975-3

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: The theses are :. 1. The European Union and democratisation in small European states : selected case studies from Southern, Central and Southeastern Europe, by Victor Bojkov. 2. Child war criminals : is it possible to prevent child soldiers being held criminally responsible for war crimes whilst also satisfying the irght to justice in Sierra leone?, by Anna Crawford. 3. How water flows through the veins of globalisation : human right or economic commodity : promoting the right to access to water in the global market, by Emanuele Fantini. 4. Using the technique of trial observation for the study of indigenous systems : a contribution for the process of recognition of indigenous traditional judicial systems in Latin America, by Barbara Oliveira. 5. Dealing with the burden of an authoritarian past : the role of the United Nations in establishing accountability for grave human rights violations after a regime transition, by Katarina Planckaert.

INDEX WORDS:
* EG = EC = EY
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ
* demokratisering = democratization = demokratisointi
* EU = EU = EU
* FN = UN = YK
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* krigsförbrytare = war criminals = sotarikolliset
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* amnesti = amnesty = armahdus
* rättvis rättegång = fair trial = oikeudenmukainen oikeudenkäynti
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* skadestånd = compensation = vahingonkorvaus
* gottgörelse = reparation = hyvitys
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* UNICEF = UNICEF = UNICEF
* Specialdomstolen för Sierra Leone = Special Court for Sierra Leone = Sierra Leonen erityistuomioistuin
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* rätt till vatten = water ownership rights = oikeudet veteen
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* kollektiva rättigheter = collective rights = kollektiiviset oikeudet
* ILO = ILO = ILO
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* NAFTA = NAFTA = NAFTA
* OECD = OECD = OECD
* UNDP = UNDP = UNDP
* WHO = WHO = WHO
* UNESCO = UNESCO = UNESCO
* GATT/WTO = GATT/WTO = GATT/WTO
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* urfolk = indigenous peoples = alkuperäiskansat
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* övervakning av mänskliga rättigheter = human rights monitoring = ihmisoikeuksien valvonta
* författningsdomstol = constitutional court = valtiosääntötuomioistuin
* grova brott mot mänskliga rättigheter = gross violations of human rights = törkeät ihmisoikeusloukkaukset
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna (FN) = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea (YK)
* Världsbanken = World Bank = Maailmanpankki

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Bulgaria / Croatia / Greece / Hungary / Macedonia / Portugal / El Salvador

NOTE (GENERAL): CRC; CEDAW; ICCPR; ICESCR; UDHR; Convention concerning the indigenous and tribal peoples in independent countries (ILO convention no. 169); Draft declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples; Convention to combat desertification; ECHR; CAT; AMR;

SHELF CODE: Thesis

 
66. Boot, Machteld : Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes : nullum crimen sine lege and the subject matter jurisdiction of the international criminal court / Boot, Machteld - (School of human rights research ; vol. 12), xlix, 708 p.. - Antwerpen : Intersentia, 2002.

ISBN 90-5095-216-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. PART i. INTRODUCTION:. 1. The rome statute of the international criminal court. PART 2: NULLUM CRIMEN SINE LEGE:. 1. Nullum crimen sine lege in national law. 2. International human rights standards. 3. War crimes trials conducted after the second world war. 4. The ad hoc international criminal tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda. 5. Discussion on establishing a permanent international criminal court. 6. The Rome statute. PART 3: CRIMES WITHIN THE JURISDICTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT : GENOCIDE; CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND WAR CRIMES:. 1. Genocide. 2. Crimes against humanity. 3. War crimes.

INDEX WORDS:
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* strafflag = criminal law = rikoslaki
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* fredlig lösning av tvister = dispute settlement = riitaisuuksien rauhanomainen selvittäminen
* lagstiftning = legislation = lainsäädäntö
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* sexslaveri = sexual slavery = seksiorjuus
* påtvingad graviditet = forced pregnancy = pakotettu raskaus
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* icke-stridande = non-combatants = taisteluihin osallistumattomat
* kombattant = combatant = taistelija
* sexuellt våld = sexual violence = seksuaalinen väkivalta
* prostitution = prostitution = prostituutio
* ofrivilliga försvinnanden = enforced disappearances = pakotettu katoaminen
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus
* barn = children = lapset
* internationell straffrätt = international criminal justice = kansainvälinen rikosoikeus
* PCIJ = PCIJ = PCIJ
* ICj = ICJ = ICJ
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea
* interamerikanska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Inter-American Court of Human Rights = inter-amerikkalainen ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* FN:s folkrättskommission = International Law Commission (ILC) = kansainvälisen oikeuden toimikunta
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC

NOTE (GENERAL): Draft code of crimes against the peace and security of mankind; Nuremberg charter; Tokyo charter; AMR; ACHPR; Hague convention (IV); Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; ICCPR; CAT;

URL http://www.intersentia.be/English/newsletter.shtml

 
67. Willems, Jan C. M. (ed.) : Developmental and autonomy rights of children, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Developmental and autonomy rights of children : empowering children, caregivers and communities / Willems, Jan C. M. (ed.), xii, 392 p.. - Antwerpen : Intersentia, 2002.

ISBN 90-5095-224-0

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: The articles are:

INDEX WORDS:
* barn = children = lapset
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* autonomi = autonomy = autonomia
* hjälp till självmord = assisted suicide = avunanto itsemurhaan
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* barnäktenskap = child marriage = lapsiavioliitto
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* romer = Roma = romanit
* islam = Islam = islaminusko
* skilsmässa = divorce = avioero
* handikappade = disabled persons = vammaiset
* fängslade personer = imprisoned persons = vangitut henkilöt
* information = information = tiedotus
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* UNICEF = UNICEF = UNICEF
* CERD Committee = CERD Committee = CERD Committee
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* rätt till liv = right to life = oikeus elämään
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: India / Czech Republic / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Morocco / Pakistan / Egypt

NOTE (GENERAL): CRC; Geneva conventions; ICESCR; Dayton peace agreement; CERD;

URL http://www.hart.oxi.net/bookdetails.asp?id=561&bnd=1

 
68. McDonald, Avril : The year in review, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

The year in review / McDonald, Avril

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Yearbook of international humanitarian law : 2000 : vol. 3 / Fischer, H.; McDonald, A. (eds.), p. 169-225. - Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2002. - ISSN 1389-1359

ISBN 90-6704-140-8

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* civilbefolkning = civilian population = siviiliväestö
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* barn = children = lapset
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* internationell straffrätt = international criminal justice = kansainvälinen rikosoikeus
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* Säkerhetsrådet = Security Council = Turvallisuusneuvosto
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* nedrustning = disarmament = aseidenriisunta
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* interamerikanska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Inter-American Court of Human Rights = inter-amerikkalainen ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Angola / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Burundi / Croatia / Congo / East Timor / West Timor / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Israel / Lebanon / Sierra Leone / Sahara

NOTE (GENERAL): CCW; The statute of the ICC; CRC; CRC-OP;

 
69. Happold, Matthew : The optional protocol to the convention on the rights of the child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

The optional protocol to the convention on the rights of the child on the involvement of children in armed conflict / Happold, Matthew

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Yearbook of international humanitarian law : 2000 : vol. 3 / Fischer, H.; McDonald, A. (eds.), p. 226-244. - Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2002. - ISSN 1389-1359

ISBN 90-6704-140-8

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barn = children = lapset
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat

NOTE (GENERAL): Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; CRC-OP;

 
70. by Avril McDonald ... [et al.] : Correspondent's reports, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

Correspondent's reports : a guide to state practice concerning international humanitarian law : with commentaries / by Avril McDonald ... [et al.]

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Yearbook of international humanitarian law : 2000 : vol. 3 / Fischer, H.; McDonald, A. (eds.), p. 405-618. - Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2002. - ISSN 1389-1359

ISBN 90-6704-140-8

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* amnesti = amnesty = armahdus
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* ratificering = ratification = ratifiointi
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* väpnade styrkor = armed forces = asevoimat
* barn = children = lapset
* landminor = landmines = maamiinat
* kärnvapen = nuclear weapons = ydinaseet
* kulturell egendom = cultural property = kulttuuriomaisuus
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* strafflag = criminal law = rikoslaki
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* självförsvar = self-defence = itsepuolustus
* barn = children = lapset
* kemiska vapen = chemical weapons = kemialliset aseet
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* humanitär intervention = humanitarian intervention = humanitaarinen interventio
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Algeria / Angola / Argentina / Australia / Austria / Belarus / Belgium / Benin / Bolivia / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Burundi / Cambodia / Cameroon / Canada / Cape Verde / Chile / Colombia / Costa Rica / Croatia / Czech Republic / Congo / Denmark / east Timor / Egypt / Eritrea / Estonia / Ethiopia / Former Yugoslavia / Finland / France / Germany / Greece / Guatemala / Guinea Bissau / Haiti / Honduras / Hungary / India / Indonesia / Iran / Ireland / Israel / Italy / Japan / Latvia / Mali / Mexico / Netherlands / New Zealand / Niger / Norway / Occupied Territories (Palestine) / Pakistan / Paraguay / Poland / Russian Federation / Rwanda / Senegal / Sierra Leone / Slovakia / Solomon Islands / South Africa / Spain / Sri Lanka / Turkey / Turkmenistan / Ukraine / United Kingdom / USA / Uruguay / Venezuela / Yemen

 
71. Broomhall, Bruce : International criminal justice and the international criminal court, 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

International criminal justice and the international criminal court : between sovereignty and the rule of law / Broomhall, Bruce - (Oxford monographs in international law), x, 215 p.. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 2003.

ISBN 0-19-925600-4

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. PART I : International Criminal Law. 1. International Criminal Law - Scope. 2. The International Interest Underlying International Criminal Law. 3. The Rule of Law. 4 Application to Interna tional Criminal Law PART II. PRACTICE:. 4. The international criminal court. 5. National Proceedings, Including Amnesties. 6. Universal Jurisdiction. 7. Immunity. 8. ICC Enforcement: Cooperation of States, Including the Security Council. 9. Cornerstone or stumbling block? The United States and the ICC. PART III : CONCLUSION: Systematic Change and International Justice.

INDEX WORDS:
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* jus cogens = peremptory norms = peremptory norms
* rättsstatsprincip = rule of law = oikeusvaltioperiaate
* internationell straffrätt = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* ansvarighet = accountability = vastuullisuus
* aggression = aggression = aggressio
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* skadestånd = compensation = vahingonkorvaus
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* sedvanerätt = customary law = tapaoikeus
* brott mot freden = crimes against peace = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* narkotika = drugs = huumeet
* erga omnes = erga omnes = erga omnes
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* FN:s folkrättskommission = International Law Commission (ILC) = kansainvälisen oikeuden toimikunta
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* verkställande = enforcement = voimaansaattaminen
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* rättsstatsprincip = rule of law = oikeusvaltioperiaate
* sexuellt våld = sexual violence = seksuaalinen väkivalta
* slaveri = slavery = orjuus
* Specialdomstolen för Sierra Leone = Special Court for Sierra Leone = Sierra Leonen erityistuomioistuin
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset

NOTE (GENERAL): The statute of the ICC; Vienna convention on diplomatic relations; Nuremberg charter; Genocide convention; Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; ICCPR;

URL http://www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-19-925600-4

 
72. "My gun was as tall as me", 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

"My gun was as tall as me" : child soldiers in Burma /, iv, 213 p.. - New York : Human Rights Watch, 2002.

ISBN 1-56432-279-3

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: I. Summary II. Recommendations To the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) To all Opposition Groups To the governments of Thailand, Laos, Bangladesh, India, and China To the government of Thailand To the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) To UNICEF To the Special Representative of the Secretary -General for Children and Armed Conflict To Nongovernmental Organizations To member states of the United Nations To the Security Council To the International Labour Organization To the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Myanmar III. Introduction IV. The Burma Army Conditions Leading to Recruitment Recruitment Ye Nyunt: The "Brave Sprouts" The Su Saun Yay Recruit Holding Camps Training Deployment and Active Duty Life as a Soldier Combat Relations with the Civilian Population Psychological Effects on the Soldiers Desertion and Suicide The Scope of Child Recruitment in the Burma Army The Pyitthu Sit Militia V. Opposition Forces United Wa State Army (UWSA) Shan State Army - South (SSA -South) Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA) Karen Peace Army (KPA) Karenni Army (KnA) Karenni Nationalities People's Liberation Front (KNPLF) Mon National Liberation Army (MNLA) Monland Restoration Army (MRA) Kachin Independence Army (KIA) Kachin Democratic Army (KDA) New Democratic Army - Kachinland (NDA -K) All -Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) People's Democratic Front (PDF) Burma Patriotic Army (BPA) Myeik-Dawei United Front (MDUF) The Anti-Insurgent Group (AIG) Mong Tai Army (MTA) God's Army Other Groups VI. After the Army Effects Options Opinions VII. Legal Standards VIII. Conclusions Appendix A: Known Burma Army Training Camps Appendix B: Excerpts from the Convention on the Rights of the Child Appendix C: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflicts Appendix D: Human Rights Watch Correspondence with the Permanent Mission of Myanmar to the United Nations, New York

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* väpnade styrkor = armed forces = asevoimat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Myanmar

URL http://www.hrw.org/reports/2002/burma/Burma0902-03.htm#P435_51555

 
73. Einarsen, Terje : Retten til vern som flykting, 2000
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Retten til vern som flykting : med hovedvekt på FNs flyktingbegrep / Einarsen, Terje, 727 p.. - Bergen : Cicero publ., 2000.

ISBN 82-995566-0-0

LANGUAGE: NOR

ABSTRACT: Boken omhandler: - definisjonen av flyktning etter folkeretten - retten til asyl ifrlge menneskerettighetene - bakgrunnen for flyktningekonvensjonen av 1951 - status for flyktninger fra krig og krigsliknende situasioner bevisvurderingen i asylsaker - flyktningers rettigheter og plikter - opphrr av flyktningestatus - behovet for en internasjonal asyldomstol. Retten til vern som flyktning hemvender seg til et norsk og nordisk publikum; forvaltningsorganer i stat og kommune, advokater, nemnder og domstoler, frivillige organisjoner, studenter og andre forskere, men også til politikere, journalister og andre samfunnsengasjerte mennesker med interesse for emnet.

INDEX WORDS:
* absoluta rättigheter och friheter = absolute rights and freedoms = ehdottomat oikeudet ja vapaudet
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* apartheid = apartheid = rotusorto
* "asyldomstol" = "court of asylum" = "turvapaikkatuomioistuin"
* barn = children = lapset
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* de facto-flyktingar = de facto refugees = de facto pakolaiset
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* dubbelt medborgarskap = dual citizenship = kaksoiskansalaisuus
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* FN:s folkrättskommission = International Law Commission (ILC) = kansainvälisen oikeuden toimikunta
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* prövningsmarginal = margin of appreciation = harkintamarginaali
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* statslösa personer = stateless persons = valtiottomat henkilöt
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* offer = victims = uhrit
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* ekonomiska, sociala och kulturella rättigheter = economic, social and cultural rights = TSS-oikeudet
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin

NOTE (THESIS): Dr.iur., University of Bergen, [19991112], [T]

NOTE (GENERAL): Vienna convention on the law of treaties; Refugee convention; UDHR; CAT; CRC; CEDAW; ECHR; Dublin convention; Protocol relating to the definition of refugees; Genocide convention; Geneva conventions; The Statute of the ICJ; The statute of the ICC;

URL http://www.immi.se/kultur/einarsen.htm

 
74. Fonseka, Bhavani : The protection of child soldiers in international law, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The protection of child soldiers in international law / Fonseka, Bhavani

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Asia-Pacific journal on human rights and the law : vol. 2; issue 2., p.69-89. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 2001. - ISSN 1388-1906

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* UNICEF = UNICEF = UNICEF
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus

NOTE (GENERAL): UDHR; Declaration of the rights of the child; Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; Worst forms of child labour (ILO convention no. 181);

URL http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=12461525 (full text)

 
75. Gallagher, Michael S. : Soldier boy bad, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Soldier boy bad : child soldiers, culture and bars to asylum / Gallagher, Michael S.

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International journal of refugee law : vol. 13; no. 3., p. 310-353. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 2001. - ISSN 0953-8186

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* brott mot freden = crimes against peace = rikos rauhaa vastaan
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* barn = children = lapset

NOTE (GENERAL): Geneva conventions; CRC; CRC-OP;

URL http://www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/hdb/Volume_13/Issue_03/
URL
URL (in full text)

 
76. Bouchet-Saulnier, Francoise : The practical guide to humanitarian law , 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

The practical guide to humanitarian law : first English language edition / Bouchet-Saulnier, Francoise, xiii, 489 p.. - Oxford : Rowman & Littlefield publ., 2002.

ISBN 0-7425-1062-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. 1. Introduction. 2. The Guide. Appendix A: State of Ratification of Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Conventions. Appendix B: List of States Party to International Humanitarian and Human Rights Conventions (as of October 2000). Term Index Humanitarian Law Themes: A Guide to Key Entries Divided by Subject

INDEX WORDS:
* afrikanska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = African Court of Human and peoples Rights = Afrikan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* civilbefolkning = civilian population = siviiliväestö
* barn = children = lapset
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* kombattant = combatant = taistelija
* CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee
* CEDAW Committee = CEDAW Committee = CEDAW Committee
* CERD Committee = CERD Committee = CERD Committee
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* dödsstraff = death penalty = kuolemanrangaistus
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* rörelsefrihet = freedom of movement = liikkumisvapaus
* humanitär rätt = humanitarian law = humanitaarinen oikeus
* humanitär intervention = humanitarian intervention = humanitaarinen interventio
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* internflyktingar = internally displaced persons = maan sisäiset pakolaiset
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan

NOTE (GENERAL): ACHPR; African charter on human and people's rights; Geneva convention; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; Genocide convention; CEDAW; CERD; Convention on the protection of cultural property; Convention on the reduction of statelessness; CRC; CCW; OAU refugee convention; DEDAW; REfugee convention; Convention relating to the status of stateless persons; Convention to prevent and punish the acts of terrorism; Dublin convention; AMR; ICCPR; ICESCR; Inter-American convention on forced disappearance of persons; Inter-American convention on the prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women; Inter-American convention to prevent and punish torture;

URL http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=^DB/CATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0742510638

 
77. Olsen, Eigil : Med Uribe Velez er det fritt fram, 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Med Uribe Velez er det fritt fram / Olsen, Eigil

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Mennesker og rettigheter : vol. 21; no. 1., p. 76-79. - Oslo : Universitetsforlaget, 2003. - ISSN 0800-0735

LANGUAGE: NOR

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Columbia

 
78. Amnesty International report 2002, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Amnesty International report 2002 : this report covers the period January to December 2001 /, 307 p.. - London : Amnesty International, 2002.

ISBN 0-86210-313-4

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* straffrihet = impunity = rankaisemattomuus
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* minoritetsgrupper = minority groups = vähemmistöryhmät
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* internflyktingar = internally displaced persons = maan sisäiset pakolaiset
* dödsstraff = death penalty = kuolemanrangaistus
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* fängelseförhållanden = prison conditions = vankilaolosuhteet
* yttrandefrihet = freedom of expression = ilmaisuvapaus
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* fackföreningar = trade unions = ammattiyhdistykset
* utomrättsliga avrättningar = extrajudicial executions = mielivaltaiset teloitukset
* rättsstatsprincip = rule of law = oikeusvaltioperiaate

LIBRARY LOCATION: IMR

SHELF CODE: s HRW

URL http://web.amnesty.org/web/ar2002.nsf/home/home (full text)

 
79. Breen, Claire : The role of NGOs in the formulation of and compliance with the optional protocol to the convention on the rights of the child on involvement of children in armed conflict, 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The role of NGOs in the formulation of and compliance with the optional protocol to the convention on the rights of the child on involvement of children in armed conflict / Breen, Claire

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Human rights quarterly : vol. 25; bo. 2., p. 453-481. - Baltimore, MA : John Hopkins U. P., 2003. - ISSN 0275-0392

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* barn = children = lapset
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS

NOTE (GENERAL): CRC-OP;

URL http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/toc/hrq25.2.html

 
80. Noguchi, Yoshie : ILO convention no. 182 on the worst forms of child labour and the convention on the rights of the child, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

ILO convention no. 182 on the worst forms of child labour and the convention on the rights of the child / Noguchi, Yoshie

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): The international journal of children's rights : vol. 10; no. 4., p. 355-369. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 2002. - ISSN 0927-5568

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnarbete = child labour = lapsityö
* barnhandel = child trafficking = lapsikauppa
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* utnyttjande av barn = exploitation of children = lasten hyväksikäyttö

NOTE (GENERAL): Worst forms of child labour (ILO convention no. 182); CRC; CRC-OP;

 
81. Doswald-Beck, Louise (ed.) : Customary international humanitarian law, 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Customary international humanitarian law : volume 2 : practice : part 1-2 / Doswald-Beck, Louise (ed.) ; Henckaerts, Jean-Marie - Cambridge : Cambridge U. P., 2003.

ISBN 0-521-83937-8

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. Part I:. The Principle of Distinction:. 1. Distinction between civilians and combatants; 2. Distinction between civilian objects and military objectives; 3. Indiscriminate attacks; 4. Proportionality in attack; 5. Precautions in attack; 6. Precautions against the effects of attacks. Part II:. Specifically Protected Persons and Objects:. 7. Medical and religious personnel and objects; 8. Humanitarian relief personnel and objects; 9. Personnel and objects involved in a peacekeeping mission; 10. Journalists; 11. Protected zones; 12. Cultural property; 13. Works and installations containing dangerous forces; 14. The natural environment. Part III:. Specific Methods of Warfare: 15. Denial of quarter; 16. Destruction and seizure of property; 17. Starvation and access to humanitarian relief; 18. Deception; 19. Communication with the enemy. Part IV:. Use of Weapons:. 20. General principles; 21. Poison; 22. Biological weapons; 23. Chemical weapons; 24. Expanding bullets; 25. Exploding bullets; 26. Weapons primarily injuring by non-detectable fragments; 27. Booby-traps; 28. Landmines; 29. Incendiary weapons; 30. Blinding laser weapons. Part V. Treatment of Protected Persons: 32. Fundamental guarantees; 33. Combatants and prisoner-of-war status; 34. The wounded, sick and shipwrecked; 35. The dead; 36. The missing; 37. Persons deprived of their liberty; 38. Displacement and displaced persons; 39. Other persons with specific needs. Part VI:. Implementation: 40. Compliance with international humanitarian law; 41. Enforcement of international humanitarian law; 42. Reparation; 43. Individual responsibility; 44. War crimes; Appendixes; Treaties; Status of ratifications; Other instruments; Military manuals; National legislation; National case-law; International case-law; Resolutions adopted by the UN Security Council; Resolutions adopted by the UN General Assembly; Resolutions adopted by ECOSOC; Resolutions adopted by the UN Commission on Human Rights; Resolutions adopted by the UN Sub-commission on Human Rights; Resolutions adopted by other International Organisations; Resolutions adopted by the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent; Resolutions adopted by the Council of Delegates of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent movement.

INDEX WORDS:
* stridande = combatant = taistelija
* civilbefolkning = civilian population = siviiliväestö
* terror = terror = terrori
* väpnade styrkor = armed forces = asevoimat
* kulturell egendom = cultural property = kulttuuriomaisuus
* krigföring = warfare = sodankäynti
* hunger = hunger = nälkiintyminen
* kärnvapen = nuclear weapons = ydinaseet
* biologiska vapen = biological weapons = biologiset aseet
* kemiska vapen = chemical weapons = kemialliset aseet
* landminor = landmines = maamiinat
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* kroppsaga = corporal punishment = ruumiillinen kuritus
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* sexuellt våld = sexual violence = seksuaalinen väkivalta
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* frihetsberövande = deprivation of liberty = vapaudenriisto
* ofrivilliga försvinnanden = enforced disappearances = pakotettu katoaminen
* barn = children = lapset
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* verkställande = enforcement = voimaansaattaminen
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* erga omnes = erga omnes = erga omnes
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* Säkerhetsrådet = Security Council = Turvallisuusneuvosto
* resolutioner = resolutions = päätöslauselmat
* gottgörelse = reparation = hyvitys
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* dödsstraff = death penalty = kuolemanrangaistus
* nationell rätt = national law = kansallinen oikeus
* graviditet = pregnancy = raskaus
* äganderätt = right to property = omistusoikeus
* prostitution = prostitution = prostituutio

NOTE (GENERAL): Hague convention (III, IV, IX,); Montevideo treaty; St. Petersburg declaration; Slavery convention; Forced labour convention; Chicago convention; IMT charter; London agreement; UN charter; Brussels treaty; ECHR; Refugee convention; AMR; Vienna convention on the law of treaties; CEDAW; ACHPR; ECHRP-6; CAT; Inter-American convention against torture; Protocol of San Salvador; Convention on biodiversity; Inter-American convention on violence against women; Dayton peace agreement; Convention on the worst forms of child labour (ILO convention no. 182); ACHPR-OP; Statute of the Special Court for Sierra Leone;

URL http://titles.cambridge.org/catalogue.asp?isbn=052180888X

 
82. "You'll learn not to cry", 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

"You'll learn not to cry" : child combatants in Colombia /, xi, 149 p.. - New York : Human Rights Watch, 2003.

ISBN 1564322882

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* sexuellt utnyttjande = sexual abuse = seksuaalinen hyväksikäyttö
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC

NOTE (GENERAL): ICCPR; CRC;

LIBRARY LOCATION: IMR

SHELF CODE: HRW

 
83. Karns, Margaret P. : International organizations, 2004
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

International organizations : the politics and processes of global governance / Karns, Margaret P. ; Mingst, Karen A., xvi, 603 p.. - Boulder, CO : Lynne Rienner publ., 2004.

ISBN 1-55587-693-2

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* urinvånare = aborigines = alkuasukkaat
* ansvarighet = accountability = vastuullisuus
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* rådgivande yttrande = advisory opinion = neuvoa-antava mielipide
* afrikanska unionen = African Union = Afrikan Unioni
* jordbruk = agriculture = maanviljely
* apartheid = apartheid = apartheid
* biologiska vapen = biological weapons = biologiset aseet
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* kollektiv säkerhet = collective security = kollektiivinen turvallisuus
* korruption = corruption = korruptio
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* u-hjälp = development aid = kehitysapu
* verkställande = enforcement = voimaansaattaminen
* ECJ = ECJ = ECJ
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* EMU = EMU = EMU
* kvinnlig könsstympning = female genital mutilation [FGM] = naisten sukupuolielinten silpominen
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* god förvaltning = good governance = hyvä hallinto
* humanitär intervention = humanitarian intervention = humanitaarinen interventio
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* immaterialrätt = intellectual property rights = immateriaalioikeus
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* landminor = landmines = maamiinat
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* NIEO = NIEO = UKTJ
* non-state actors = non-state actors = non-state actors
* kärnvapen = nuclear weapons = ydinaseet
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* preventiv diplomati = preventive diplomacy = ennaltaehkäisevä diplomatia
* sanktioner = sanctions = pakotteet
* självbestämmanderätt = self-determination = itsemääräämisoikeus
* Säkerhetsrådet = Security Council = Turvallisuusneuvosto
* slaveri = slavery = orjuus
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* hållbar utveckling = sustainable development = kestävä kehitys
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* handel med kvinnor = trafficking in women = naiskauppa
* multinationella bolag = transnational corporations (TNC) = monikansalliset yritykset
* familjevåld = domestic violence = perheväkivalta
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* WHO = WHO = WHO
* WTO = WTO = WTO
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* afrikanska unionen = African Union = Afrikan Unioni
* miljöskydd = environmental protection = ympäristönsuojelu
* FAO = FAO = FAO
* urfolk = indigenous peoples = alkuperäiskansat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Africa / Algeria / Angola / Argentina / Armenia / Asia / Australia / Bangladesh / Belgium / Belarus / Bolivia / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Brazil / Cambodia / Canada / Central America / Chad / Chechnya / Chile / China / Colombia / Congo / Cuba / Cyprus / Czechoslovakia / East Timor / Egypt / El salvador / Estonia / Ethiopia / France / Germany / Honduras / Hungary / India / Indonesia / Iran / Iraq / Israel / Italy / Japan / Jordan / North Korea / South Korea / Latin America / Kuwait / Liberia / Lithuania / Libya / Malaysia / Malta / Mexico / Middle East / Moldova / Namibia / New Zealand / Niger / Nigeria / Norway / Pakistan / Palestine / Paraguay / Romania / Rwanda / Russian Federation / Saudi Arabia / Senegal / Sierra leone / Singapore / Slovakia / Somalia / South Africa / USSR / Spain / Sri Lanka / Sudan / Sweden / Switzerland / Syria / Taiwan / Tajikistan / Tanzania / Thailand / Togo / Turkey / Turkmenistan / United Kingdom / USA / Uruguay / Uzbekistan / Viet nam / Yugoslavia / Zimbabwe / Zaire

LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Kosovo

NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; Andean charter for peace and security; Biological weapons convention; CWC; CAT; CRC; Convention on biological diversity; Framework convention on climate change; CEDAW; Genocide convention; Ottawa convention; Declaration on the South China Sea; Rio declaration; Kyoto protocol; ECHR; Geneva conventions; Charter of economic rights and duties of states;

 
84. Elagab, Omer Yousif : The Special Court for Sierra Leone, 2004
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The Special Court for Sierra Leone : some constraints / Elagab, Omer Yousif

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): The international journal of human rights : vol. 8; no. 3 (Autumn)., p. 249-273. - London : Frank Cass, 2004. - ISSN 1364-2987

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* Specialdomstolen för Sierra Leone = Special Court for Sierra Leone = Sierra Leonen erityistuomioistuin
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* amnesti = amnesty = armahdus
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan

NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; Geneva conventions; CRC; The statute of the ICC; Genocide convention; ICCPR; Protocols to the Geneva conventions; Vienna convention on diplomatic relations; Nuremberg charter;

 
85. Ishay, Micheline R. : The history of human rights , 2004
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

The history of human rights : from ancient times to the globalization era / Ishay, Micheline R., ix, 450 p.. - Berkeley : University of California Press, 2004.

ISBN 0-520-23497-9

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. Introduction : Definition, the Argument, and Six Historical Controversies Structure. Chapter 1. Early Ethical Contributions to Human Rights. Chapter 2. Human Rights and the Enlightenment: The Development of a Liberal and Secular Perspective of Human Rights. Chapter 3. Human Rights and the Industrial Age: The Development of a Socialist Perspective of Human Rights. Chapter 4. The World Wars: The Institutionalization of International Rights and the Right to Self-Determination. Chapter 5. Globalization and Its Impact on Human Right. Chapter 6. Promoting Human Rights in the Twenty-first Century: The Changing Arena of Struggle. Appendix: A Chronology of Events and Writings Related to Human Rights

INDEX WORDS:
* jämlikhet = equality = tasa-arvo
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* religionsfrihet = freedom of religion = uskonnonvapaus
* rätt till liv = right to life = oikeus elämään
* äganderätt = right to property = omistusoikeus
* självbestämmanderätt = self-determination = itsemääräämisoikeus
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* homosexualitet = homosexuality = homoseksuaalisuus
* barnarbete = child labour = lapsityö
* barnprostitution = child prostitution = lapsiprostituutio
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* kulturella rättigheter = cultural rights = sivistykselliset oikeudet
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* u-länder = developing countries = kehitysmaat
* feminism = feminism = naisasialiike
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* hemlösa barn = homeless children = kodittomat lapset
* invandrare = immigrants = maahanmuuttajat
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* ILO = ILO = ILO
* islam = Islam = islaminusko
* judar = Jews = juutalaiset
* nationalism = nationalism = nationalismi
* befrielserörelser = liberation movements = vapautusliikkeet
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* slaveri = slavery = orjuus
* socialskydd = social security = sosiaaliturva
* hållbar utveckling = sustainable development = kestävä kehitys
* tolerans = tolerance = suvaitsevaisuus
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* fackföreningar = trade unions = ammattiyhdistykset
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* UNESCO = UNESCO = UNESCO
* rösträtt = right to vote = äänioikeus
* välfärdsstat = welfare state = hyvinvointivaltio
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* Världsbanken = World Bank = Maailmanpankki
* WTO = WTO = WTO
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* Världsbanken = World Bank = Maailmanpankki

NOTE (GENERAL): UDHR-3; CRC; ICCPR-6; AMR-4; UN charter;

URL http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/9737.html

 
86. Kerr, Joanna (ed.) : The future of women's rights, 2004
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

The future of women's rights : global visions and strategies / Kerr, Joanna (ed.) ; Sprenger, Ellen ; Symington, Alison, 240 p.. - London : Zed Books, 2004.

ISBN 1-84277-459-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: Contents::1. Introduction: The Future of Women's Rights - Ellen Sprenger and Alison Symington::2. From 'Opposing' to 'Proposing': Finding Proactive Global Strategies for Feminist Futures - Joanna Kerr::3. Creating a New World with New Visions: African Feminism and Trends in the Global Women's Movement - Bisi Adeleye-Fayemi::4. Rights of Passage: Women Shaping the 21st Century - Mahnaz Afkhami::5 Challenging Power: Alternatives to the Current Global Order - An interview with Josefa (Gigi) Francisco::6. An Action Framework for South Asia - Deepa Dhanraj, Geeta Misra, and Srilatha Batliwala::7 Different Worlds Possible: Feminist Yearnings for Shared Futures - Sarah Bracke::8. Diversity as our Strength: Transforming Power, Public Policy and Popular Culture - Ana Criquillion::9. Confronting Globalization: Feminist Political Spirituality as a Strategy of Action - Alda Facio::10. Globalization and Reinventing the Politics of A Women's Movement - Vanessa Griffen ::11. Caution! Women Moving: Strategies for Organizing Feminist Visions of the Future - Sisonke Msimang::12 International and Post-Socialist Women's Rights Advocacy: Points of Convergence and Tension - Anastasia Posadskaya-Vanderbeck::13 Gender Equality Advocates Speak: Feminist Issues and Strategies Into the Future - Rhonda Leeson

INDEX WORDS:
* abort = abortion = abortti
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* demokrati = democracy = demokratia
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* feminism = feminism = naisasialiike
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* jämlikhet = equality = tasa-arvo
* hälsovård = health care = terveydenhoito
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* islam = Islam = islaminusko
* migration = migration = siirtolaisuus
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* OECD = OECD = OECD
* fattigdom = poverty = köyhyys
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* Världsbanken = World Bank = Maailmanpankki
* WTO = WTO = WTO

 
87. Bentley, Kristina Anne : Can there be any universal children's rights?, 2005
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Can there be any universal children's rights? / Bentley, Kristina Anne

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): The international journal of human rights : vol. 9; no. 1., p. 107-124. - London : Frank Cass, 2005. - ISSN 1364-2987

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* barnomsorg = child welfare = lastenhuolto
* barn = children = lapset
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* rättsfall/rättspraxis = cases/case law = oikeustapaukset/oikeuskäytäntö
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS
* barnarbete = child labour = lapsityö
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* barnprostitution = child prostitution = lapsiprostituutio
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* politiskt deltagande = political participation = poliittinen osallistuminen
* föreningsfrihet = freedom of association = yhdistymisvapaus

NOTE (GENERAL): CRC; CRC-OP:

URL http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=16188058
URL

 
88. Mertus, Julie A. : United Nations and human rights, 2005
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

United Nations and human rights : a guide for a new era / Mertus, Julie A. - ( Global institutions series), xvii, 223 p.. - London : Routledge, 2005.

ISBN 0-415-34338-0

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tvångsarbete = forced labour = pakkotyö
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* CAT Committee = CAT Committee = CAT Committee
* CERD Committee = CERD Committee = CERD Committee
* barn = children = lapset
* CSW Commission = CSW Commission = CSW Commission
* CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee
* CEDAW Committee = CEDAW Committee = CEDAW Committee
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* klagomål/besvär = complaints = valitus
* EU = EU = EU
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* ILO = ILO = ILO
* föreningsfrihet = freedom of association = yhdistymisvapaus
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea
* AIDS = AIDS = AIDS
* humanitär intervention = humanitarian intervention = humanitaarinen interventio
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* ICJ = ICJ = ICJ
* barnarbete = child labour = lapsityö
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* människohandel = trafficking in persons = ihmiskauppa
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* Världsbanken = World Bank = Maailmanpankki
* WHO = WHO = WHO
* WTO = WTO = WTO
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* IMF = IMF = IMF
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ
* CMW Committee = CMW Committee (Committee on Migrant Workers) = CMW Committee

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Aghanistan / Albania / Algeria / Argentina / Australia / Austria / Burma / Burundi / Cambodia / Canada / Chechnya / China / Congo / Croatia / East Timor / El Salvador / Gaza / Germany / Ghana / Georgia / Germany / Greece / Guatemala / Guyana / Haiti / India / Indonesia / Iraq / Israel / Italy / Japan / Jordan / Kuwait / Latvia / Lebanon / Liberia / Libya / Mexico / Moldova / Mongolia / Namibia / Nepal / Netherlands / New Zealand / North Ireland / Palestine / Philippines / Poland / Portugal / Rhodesia / Russian Federation / Rwanda / Sierra Leone / Slovenia / Somalia / South Africa / USSR / Spain / Syria / Tajikistan / Tanzania / Uganda / United Kingdom / Uzbekistan / Yugoslavia

NOTE (GENERAL): CAT; CEDAW; CERD; ICESCR; ICCPR; ICESCR; UDHR;

URL http://search.tandf.co.uk/bookscatalogue.asp?URL=https://ecommerce.tandf.co.uk/catalogue/DirectLink.asp?ResourceCentre=SEARCH&ContinentSelected=0&CountrySelected=0&USSelected=0&ChangeCountry=0&search_text=0415343380&SearchGroup=ISBN&results_order=ByTitle&

 
89. Werle, Gerhard : Principles of international criminal law, 2005
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Principles of international criminal law / Werle, Gerhard ; in cooperation with Florian Jessberger ... [et al.], xxii, 485 p.. - Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005.

ISBN 90-6704-202-1

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. Part One: Foundations:. A. Historical Evolution. I. The Versailles Peace Treaty. II. The Law of Nuremberg and Tokyo. 1. The Nuremberg Charter and Trial. a) Creation of the Nuremberg Tribunal. b) Provisions of the Nuremberg Charter. c) The Nuremberg Judgment. d) Contemporary and Current Assessments . 2. The Tokyo Charter and Trial. 3. Control Council Law No. 10. III. International Criminal Law During the Cold War. IV. The United Nations ad hoc Tribunals. 1. The Yugoslavia Tribunal. 2. The Rwanda Tribunal. V. The ICC Statute and the International Criminal Court. 1. Previous Efforts to Create a Permanent International Criminal Court. 2. The Conference of Plenipotentiaries in Rome. 3. Significance of the ICC Statute. B. Concepts, Tasks and Legitimacy. I. The Notions of “International Criminal Law” and “Crimes Under International Law”. II. Protected Interests. III. The “International Element” of Crimes Under International Law. IV. Purposes of Punishment. V. The Principle of Legality in International Criminal Law (Nullum Crimen, Nulla Poena Sine Lege). C. International Criminal Law and the International Legal Order. I. International Criminal Law and State Responsibility. II. Crimes Under International Law and Other International Crimes. III. International Criminal Law, Supranational Criminal Law, Co-operation in Criminal Matters, and Extraterritorial Jurisdiction. IV. International Criminal Law and Protection of Human Rights. 1. Protection of Human Rights Through International Criminal Law. 2. The Function of Human Rights in Limiting International Criminal Law. V. International Criminal Law and the Law of International Criminal Procedure. D. Sources and Interpretation. I. Sources of Law. 1. International Treaties. 2. Customary International Law. 3. General Principles of Law. II. Subsidiary Means for Determining the Law. III. Individual Sources. 1. ICC Statute, Elements of Crimes, Rules of Procedure and Evidence. 2. The ICTY and ICTR Statutes. 3. The Nuremberg and Tokyo Charters. 4. Control Council Law No. 10. 5. Geneva Conventions, Genocide Convention, Hague Regulations. 6. Decisions of International Courts and Tribunals. 7. Resolutions of the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council, and Reports of the UN Secretary-General. 8. International Law Commission Drafts and Comments. 9. Drafts and Comments of International Scholarly Associations. 10. Decisions of National Courts. 11. National Legislation. 12. Military Manuals. IV. Interpretation. V. Determining the Law Through the International Criminal Court. E. Universal Jurisdiction, the Duty to Prosecute, and Amnesty. I. Universal Jurisdiction and the Power to Prosecute and Punish. II. The Duty to Prosecute. 1. The Duty to Prosecute by the State of Commission. 2. Do “Third States” Have a Duty to Prosecute? III. Amnesties and Truth Commissions. F. Enforcement. I. Direct and Indirect Enforcement. II. National and International Criminal Justice Systems. III. International Criminal Law in Action. 1. The International Criminal Court. 2. The Yugoslavia Tribunal. 3. The Rwanda Tribunal. G. Domestic Implementation. I. The Need for Implementation. II. Options for Implementation. 1. Complete Incorporation. a) Direct Application. b) Reference. c) Copying. 2. Non-Incorporation – Applying “Ordinary” Criminal Law. 3. Modified Incorporation. 4. Combinations. III. Forms of Incorporation. 1. Amendment of Existing Laws. 2. Self-Contained Codification. IV. Interpretation of International Criminal Law in a Domestic Context. V. The (German) Code of Crimes Against International Law. 1. Historical Background. 2. Aims. 3. Structure. 4. General Principles. 5. Genocide. 6. Crimes Against Humanity. 7. War Crimes. 8. Violations of Supervisory Responsibility 87 261 9. Aggression. 10. Universal Jurisdiction. Part Two: General Principles. A. Towards a General Theory of Crimes Under International Law. I. The Concept of Crimes Under International Law. II. The Context of Organized Violence (International Element) 94 278 III. The Structure of Crimes Under International Law. 1. Step One: Material Elements. 2. Step Two: Mental Element. 3. Step Three: Grounds for Excluding Responsibility. 4. Requirements for Prosecution. B. Material Elements. I. Conduct. II. Consequence and Causation. III. Circumstances. C. Mental Element. I. International Case Law. II. Article 30 of the ICC Statute. 1. Structure. 2. Standard Requirements: “Intent and Knowledge”. a) Intent as Regards the Criminal Conduct. b) Intent and Knowledge as Regards the Consequences of the Conduct. c) Knowledge as Regards the Circumstances of the Crime. 3. Departures From the Standard Requirements. a) Sources of Other Provisions Within the Meaning of Article 30. aa) “Otherwise provided” in the ICC Statute. bb) “Otherwise provided” in the Elements of Crimes and in Customary International Law. b) Effects of Other Provisions Within the Meaning of Article 30. aa) Affirmation and Clarification . bb) Expansion of Criminal Liability. cc) Narrowing of Criminal Liability. Table of Contents. 4. The Context of the Crime and the Mental Element. 5. Recklessness and Dolus Eventualis. D. Individual Criminal Responsibility. I. Towards a Doctrine of Modes of Participation in International Criminal Law. 1. International Case Law and Customary Law. 2. ICC Statute. II. Commission. 1. Commission as an Individual. 2. Joint Commission. 3. Commission Through Another Person. III. Encouragement. 1. Ordering. 2. Instigation. IV. Assistance. 1. Assisting the (Primary) Perpetrator. 2. Assisting the Commission of a Crime by a Group. E. Superior Responsibility. I. Superior-Subordinate Relationship. 1. Military Commanders 131 377 2. Civilian Superiors 131 378 II. Mental Element 133 381 III. Failure to Take Necessary Measures 134 386 1. Preventive Measures 134 387 2. Repressive Measures 135 388 3. Necessary and Reasonable Measures 135 390 IV. Commission of a Crime as a Result of Violation of the Duty of Control 136 395 F. Grounds for Excluding Criminal Responsibility 138 401 I. Historical Development of Defenses in International Criminal Law 138 402 1. International Case Law 138 402 2. ICC Statute 139 405 II. Self-Defense 139 407 1. Self-Defense Situation 141 410 a) Use of Force 141 411 b) Defensible Interests 141 412 2. Self-Defense Measures 142 416 3. Mental Element 142 417 4. Individual Self-Defense and a State’s Right of Self-Defense 142 418 III. Necessity and Duress 143 420 1. Threat to Life or Limb 145 426 2. Necessary and Reasonable Measures 146 428 3. Intention of Averting a Threat 147 430 4. Balancing of Interests 147 431 5. Self-Induced Necessity 147 432 6. Limits on Duress and Necessity in Cases of Special Duty to Assume Danger 148 434 IV. Mistake 148 435 1. Mistake of Fact 150 439 2. Mistake of Law V. Superior Orders 152 448 1. Basic Positions 153 450 2. International Case Law and Customary International Law 154 454 3. Article 33 of the ICC Statute 156 460 VI. Mental Disease or Defect 157 463 VII. Intoxication 160 469 1. Destruction of the Capacity to Appreciate or Control Conduct 161 472 2. Exclusion of Responsibility for Voluntary Intoxication? 161 473 VIII. Other Grounds for Excluding Responsibility 163 477 G. Inchoate Crimes 165 485 I. Conspiracy 166 488 II. Planning and Preparation 167 491 III. Attempt 168 493 IV. Abandonment 169 500 H. Omissions 170 502 I. Official Capacity and Immunity 172 509 I. Immunity and International Criminal Law 172 510 II. Irrelevance of Official Capacity 174 515 III. (Limited) Immunity for Heads of State and Government, Foreign Ministers, and Diplomats 176 520 IV. Summary 178 526 J. Multiplicity of Offenses 178 527 I. International Case Law 179 530 II. Same Conduct 179 531 1. Cumulative Charging 180 534 2. Multiple Convictions 180 535 III. Sentencing 183 541 K. Requirements for Prosecution. Part Three: Genocide:. A. Introduction 188 555 I. The Phenomenon of Genocide 188 555 II. History of the Crime 190 560 III. Structure of the Crime 191 563 IV. Protected Interests 192 566 B. Material Elements 193 571 I. Protected Groups 193 571 1. Criteria for Group Classification 194 573 2. National Groups 196 580 3. Ethnic Groups 196 581 4. Racial Groups 197 582 5. Religious Groups II. Individual Acts 199 587 1. Killing 200 589 2. Causing Serious Bodily or Mental Harm 200 590 3. Inflicting Destructive Conditions of Life 201 593 4. Imposing Measures to Prevent Births 202 597 5. Forcibly Transferring Children 203 598 6. Is So-Called Ethnic Cleansing Genocide? 204 604 III. Destruction of the Group Required? 204 606 C. Mental Element 206 610 I. Intent and Knowledge (Article 30 of the ICC Statute) 206 611 II. Specific Intent to Destroy 207 615 1. The Term “Intent” 207 616 2. The Group as the Object of Destructive Intent 208 618 3. Evidentiary Issues 210 622 D. Incitement to Commit Genocide 211 623 I. Structure and Purpose of Punishment 211 623 II. Material Elements 211 626 III. Mental Element 212 627 E. Multiplicity of Offenses. Part Four: Crimes Against Humanity:. A. Introduction 216 633 I. The Phenomenon of Crimes Against Humanity 216 633 II. History of the Crime 216 635 III. Structure of the Crime 220 644 IV. Protected Interests 220 645 B. Contextual Element (Attack on a Civilian Population) 221 646 I. A Civilian Population as the Object of the Crime 221 647 II. Widespread or Systematic Attack 224 652 1. Attack 224 652 2. Widespread or Systematic Character 225 654 III. The “Policy Element” 226 658 1. ICC Statute 226 658 2. Customary International Law 229 666 IV. Perpetrators 230 668 V. Mental Element 230 669 C. Individual Acts 231 672 I. Killing 232 674 II. Extermination 234 678 III. Enslavement 236 683 1. Definition 237 685 2. Forced Labor 238 690 3. Trafficking in Persons 239 693 IV. Deportation or Forcible Transfer of Population 240 695 V. Imprisonment 243 704 Table of Contents VI. Torture 244 709 VII. Sexual Violence 247 721 1. Rape 248 723 2. Sexual Slavery 250 728 3. Enforced Prostitution 251 729 4. Forced Pregnancy 251 731 5. Enforced Sterilization 252 733 6. Other Forms of Sexual Violence 252 734 VIII. Persecution 253 735 1. Material Elements 254 738 2. Mental Element 257 745 a) Political, Racial or Religious Grounds 258 747 b) Other Grounds 258 749 IX. Enforced Disappearance 259 752 X. Apartheid 262 758 XI. Other Inhumane Acts 264 766 D. Multiplicity of Offenses 266 769 Part Five: War Crimes 267 772 A. Introduction 269 773 I. Historical Development 269 774 1. Laws of War and International Humanitarian Law 270 775 2. National Criminal Law to Implement International Humanitarian Law 276 795 3. International Criminal Law and International Humanitarian Law 278 800 II. International Humanitarian Law and Criminal Sanctions 279 803 III. War Crimes in Non-International Armed Conflict 282 811 IV. Protected Interests 285 817 V. Categories of War Crimes 285 819 B. Overall Requirements 286 822 I. Armed Conflict 286 822 1. Inter-State Conflict 287 824 2. Intra-State Conflict 288 825 3. Applicability of the Law of War Crimes Despite No Use of Force 290 831 II. International or Non-International Conflict 290 833 1. International Character of Inter-State Armed Conflicts 291 834 2. Intra-State Armed Conflicts of an International Character 291 835 a) Wars of National Liberation 291 836 b) Other Intra-State Conflicts 292 837 3. Mixed Armed Conflicts 293 842 III. Applicability of the Law of War Crimes, Rationae Temporis and Loci 294 844 IV. The Nexus Between the Individual Act and the Armed Conflict 294 846 1. Perpetrator’s Position 295 848 2. Conduct of Private Persons 296 851 3. Perpetrator’s Motivation 297 853 V. Mental Element 297 854 1. Perpetrator’s Awareness of the Conflict 297 855 2. Wilfulness in the Law of War Crimes C. War Crimes Against Persons 298 859 I. Victims of War Crimes Against Persons 298 859 1. Persons Protected in the Geneva Conventions 299 860 a) Protected Persons in International Conflicts 299 861 b) Protected Persons in Non-International Conflicts 302 872 2. Persons Protected by Other Provisions 302 874 II. Killing 302 875 III. Killing and Wounding Persons Not Involved in Combat 304 879 IV. Offenses of Mistreatment 305 885 1. Torture 305 887 2. Causing Suffering or Injury to Health (International Conflict) 306 891 3. Mutilation 307 895 4. Biological, Medical or Scientific Experiments 308 898 5. Inhuman or Cruel Treatment 310 903 V. Sexual Violence 311 907 1. Rape 313 912 2. Other Serious Forms of Sexual Violence 313 914 VI. Humiliating and Degrading Treatment 314 917 VII. Compelled Service in Military Forces and Operations of War (International Conflict) 316 924 1. Compelled Service in the Forces of a Hostile Power 316 924 2. Compelled Participation in Operations of War 317 929 VIII. Slavery 318 932 IX. Forced Labor (International Conflict) 319 935 X. Punishment Without Regular Trial 320 938 1. International Conflict 320 938 2. Non-International Conflict 322 944 XI. Unlawful Confinement (International Conflict) 323 950 XII. Delay in Repatriation (International Conflict) 325 955 XIII. Hostage-Taking 325 958 XIV. Deportation or Forcible Transfer 327 963 1. International Conflict 327 964 2. Non-International Conflict 328 968 XV. Transfer of a Party’s Own Civilian Population (International Conflict) 329 971 XVI. Use of Child Soldiers 331 977 D. War Crimes Against Property and Other Rights 334 986 I. Offenses of Expropriation 334 987 1. Conduct 334 987 2. Object of the Conduct 335 990 3. Extent of Expropriation 336 994 4. Mental Element 337 996 5. Military Necessity 337 997 II. Offenses of Destruction 338 1000 1. Conduct 339 1002 2. Object and Extent of the Offense and Military Necessity 340 1003 3. Mental Element 340 1004 III. Encroachments on Other Rights 340 1005 E. Employing Prohibited Methods of Warfare 341 1008 I. Introduction 341 1008 Table of Contents 1. Attacks on Non-Military Targets 341 1008 2. Other Prohibited Methods 342 1012 II. Attacks on Civilian Populations 343 1015 III. Terror Against a Civilian Population 344 1019 IV. Attacks on Civilian Objects 345 1024 1. International Conflict 345 1024 2. Non-International Conflict 346 1027 V. Attacks on Specially Protected Objects 346 1029 VI. Attacks on Persons and Objects Using the Emblems of the Geneva Conventions 348 1035 VII. Attacks Causing Disproportionate Incidental Damage 349 1039 1. International Conflict 350 1040 2. Non-International Conflict 352 1048 VIII. Attacks on Undefended Non-Military Objects 352 1049 1. International Conflict 352 1049 2. Non-International Conflict 354 1053 IX. Perfidious Killing or Wounding 354 1054 1. International Conflict 354 1054 2. Non-International Conflict 356 1059 X. Improper Use of Insignia 357 1061 1. International Conflict 357 1061 a) Improper Use of Flags of Truce 358 1064 b) Improper Use of Enemy Flags, Insignia, and Uniforms 358 1066 c) Improper Use of Protective Emblems of the Geneva Conventions 359 1068 d) Improper Use of Protected Insignia of the United Nations 359 1070 e) Serious Consequences 360 1072 2. Non-International Conflict 360 1073 XI. Giving No Quarter 360 1074 XII. Starvation of the Civilian Population 362 1080 1. International Conflict 362 1081 2. Non-International Conflict 365 1088 XIII. Use of Human Shields 365 1090 1. International Conflict 365 1090 2. Non-International Conflict 367 1095 F. Use of Prohibited Means of Warfare 368 1096 I. Introduction 368 1097 II. International Conflict (ICC Statute) 369 1100 1. Use of Poison or Poisoned Weapons 369 1100 a) The Term “Poison” 370 1103 b) Poison Gas as Poison? 371 1105 c) Chemical and Biological Weapons of Mass Destruction 371 1106 2. Use of Poison Gas and Similar Substances 372 1107 3. Use of Prohibited Ammunition 373 1111 4. The Catch-All Offense of Article 8(2)(b)(xx) of the ICC Statute 374 1114 III. International Conflict (Customary International Law) 375 1116 1. Nuclear Weapons 375 1118 2. Chemical Weapons 376 1119 3. Biological Weapons 377 1122 4. Conventional Weapons 377 1125 IV. Non-International Conflict (Customary G. War Crimes Against Humanitarian Operations 380 1133 H. Multiplicity of Offenses 383 1144 Part Six: The Crime of Aggression 384 1147 A. The Prohibition of Aggression Under International Law 386 1151 I. Developments Prior to World War II 386 1151 II. Current Status 389 1158 B. Criminal Responsibility Under Customary International Law (War of Aggression) 390 1161 I. Nuremberg and the Criminality of Aggressive War 391 1162 II. Material Elements 394 1168 1. Aggressive War 394 1168 2. Other Acts of Aggression 396 1175 3. Perpetrators 397 1176 4. Criminal Acts 398 1178 III. Mental Element 399 1181 IV. Jurisdiction 400 1182 C. The Crime of Aggression in the ICC Statute – Prospects 400 1184 I. Definition of the Crime of Aggression 401 1187 II. The Role of the UN Security Council 402 1188 Appendix 1: Materials 405 A. ICC Statute 406 B. ICTY Statute 418 C. ICTR Statute 420 D. London Agreement 422 E. Nuremberg Charter 423 F. Tokyo Charter 424 G. CCL No. 10 425 H. Nuremberg Principles 427 I. (German) Code of Crimes Against International Law 428 Appendix 2: Table of Cases 435 Appendix 3: Table of Statutes and International Instruments 451 Appendix 4: Index 469 Appendix 5: International Criminal Law in the World Wide Web 483 Table of Contents

INDEX WORDS:
* abort = abortion = abortti
* aggression = aggression = aggressio
* apartheid = apartheid = rotusorto
* biologiska vapen = biological weapons = biologiset aseet
* kemiska vapen = chemical weapons = kemialliset aseet
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* internationell sedvanerätt = customary international law = kansainvälinen tapaoikeus
* dödsstraff = death penalty = kuolemanrangaistus
* deporterade personer = deported persons = karkotetut henkilöt
* frihetsberövande = deprivation of liberty = vapaudenriisto
* ekonomiska sanktioner = economic sanctions = taloudelliset pakotteet
* prostitution = prostitution = prostituutio
* tvångssterilisering = forced sterilization = pakkosterilisointi
* graviditet = pregnancy = raskaus
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* grova brott mot mänskliga rättigheter = gross violations of human rights = törkeät ihmisoikeusloukkaukset
* människohandel = trafficking in persons = ihmiskauppa
* immunitet = immunity = koskemattomuus
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* personligt straffansvar = individual criminal responsibility = yksilöllinen rikosvastuu
* omänsklig behandling eller bestraffning = inhuman treatment or punishment = epäinhimillinen kohtelu tai rangaistus
* medicinska experiment = medical experiments = lääketieteelliset kokeet
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* krigsfångar = prisoners of war = sotavangit
* självförsvar = self-defence = itsepuolustus
* sexuellt våld = sexual violence = seksuaalinen väkivalta
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* sanningskommissioner = truth commissions = totuuskomissiot
* massförstörelsevapen = weapons of mass destruction (WMD) = joukkotuhoaseet

NOTE (GENERAL): The statute of the ICC; The ICTR statute; The ICTY statute; Nuremberg charter; Statute of the Special Court for Sierra Leone; ACHPR; AMR; Convention for the protection of cultural property; CEDAW; Genocide convention; Convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their destruction; CRC; ECHR; Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; ICCPR; CRC-OP; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; Slavery convention; Treaty of Versailles; UN charter; Vienna convention for the law of treaties; Vienna convention on consular relations; Vienna convention on diplomatic relations;

URL http://www.asserpress.nl/

 
90. Osiel, Mark : Obeying orders, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Obeying orders : atrocity, military discipline, the law of war / Osiel, Mark, x, 398 p.. - New Brunswick : Transaction publ., 2002.

ISBN 0-7658-0798-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. Part I. OBEDlENCE TO SUPERIOR ORDERS. Part II. AVERTING ATROCITY. Part III:. FREEDOM AND CONSTRAINT IN MILITARY LIFE AND LAW.

INDEX WORDS:
* aggression = aggression = aggressio
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* brott mot mänskligheten = crimes against humanity = rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi

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24.11.1999